![]() ![]() OWASP, or the Open Web Application Security Project, developed a tool that is excellent for this purpose, named DirBuster. We may be able to move to that directory by executing a directory traversal, but before we can do any of this, we need to know the directory structure of the web server. By navigating to other directories, we may find directories that contain information and files that are thought to be unavailable.įor instance, if we want to get the password hashes on the server, we would need to navigate to /etc/shadow on a Linux or Mac OS X server. Directory Traversal Attacksĭirectory traversal is a type of attack where we can navigate out of the default or index directory that we land in by default. These may become the ultimate target of our efforts. In addition, by knowing what files and directories are there, we may be able to find hidden or confidential directories and files that the webmaster does not think are viewable or accessible by the public. ![]() In this way, we can begin to map an attack strategy that will be most effective. “We believe the US policy shift has struck China's nerves,” Che says.Before we try to attack a website, it's worthwhile understanding the structure, directories, and files that the website uses. It named six hacking groups linked to China and said they steal information after “establishing persistent footholds” in organizations.Īcross Southeast Asia, Che says, it is likely that China’s increase in attacks could be a response to the US focusing more on its relationships within Asia-he highlights economic and security operations as possible causes. On February 15, the European Union Agency for Cybersecurity (ENISA) issued a public advisory that reiterated the threat. The cyberespionage and hacking threat from China has drawn more attention in recent years, with US and UK officials calling out the potential risks. “The amount of cyber intrusions are driven by intelligence requirements-somebody in Beijing saying, ‘We need to know more about this because it's important,’” Read says. Read cites one phishing email sent to multiple Southeast Asian countries named 2021ASEANcontactlistupdate.doc. “It's a little bit less cutting edge than we see operating in other places,” Read says. Within Southeast Asia, Read says, it's common for attacks to involve spearfishing. Mandiant’s Read says that Chinese threat actors often share hacking tools, such as PlugX and Shadowpad, across different hacking groups. Since the Ministry of State Security, the country’s civilian intelligence agency, largely took over cyber operations in 2015, it has been more aggressive in its hacking. Malaysia, Indonesia, and Vietnam were targeted the most.Ĭhina’s state-sponsored hackers are considered some of the most sophisticated and capable in the world. Throughout 2021, Recorded Future detected 400 servers in Southeast Asia that were communicating with malware infrastructure likely linked to Chinese state-sponsored actors, a report from the firm says. Security firm Recorded Future has tracked 10 Chinese-linked groups attacking Southeast Asian countries in the past two years-primarily government and military organizations. In the second half of 2022, there was a 20 percent increase in China-linked cyberattacks against Southeast Asian countries, compared with the same time in 2021, he says. Che says that in recent years government and military units in Southeast Asian countries have been a common target for China’s hackers. “The region holds vital strategic importance, due to its geographical location and its growing economic importance,” says Che Chang, a cyber-threat analyst at Taiwan-based cybersecurity firm TeamT5. “Efforts to deepen positive relations are quite often offset by the Chinese government's approach to securitize everything,” Cheung says.Ĭhina’s state-sponsored hackers are incredibly active in the area, multiple cybersecurity experts say. As a result, there are many tensions between the neighbors, including around the South China Sea. China has spent billions on infrastructure and manufacturing across Southeast Asia-particularly through the Belt and Road Initiative, an infrastructure investment project that helps give China political and economical power. Chinese president Xi Jinping has talked of building a “community of common destiny” with ASEAN countries.ĭespite this, the playing field won’t be leveled. “China wants to build closer ties with these countries,” says Olivia Cheung, a research fellow at the China Institute at SOAS University of London. ![]() The nation is the biggest power in the region, and trade between the countries is crucial to many of their economies. For all countries across Southeast Asia, China is a crucial partner. ![]()
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